So far more than 51,000 persons from illegal armed groups have demobilized, albeit while not yet having. Reintegration itself has two phasesinitial reinsertion and longterm reintegration. First edition of the au ddr newsletterafrican union. A practical overview peace operations training institute x. Rethinking disarmament, demobilization and reintegration programs. Gender mainstreaming burundi example of gender in disarmament. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr is a critical element of post conflict peace building pcpb. The cartagena contribution to disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Pdf demobilization disarmament and reintegration aminu. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration united. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr united. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr pro grams have developed as a response by the international community to the per ceived risk of a return to violence if former combatants are not rehabilitated and. At the same time, reintegration has often failed for a.
Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr and security sector reform ssr. For decades, national and international actors have used programs for disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of combatants as standardized key elements of peace operations, with the aim of controlling violence and avoiding the resurgence of armed conflict. Second generation disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr practices in peace operations. Effective weapons and ammunition management in a changing disarmament, demobilization and reintegration context a handbook for united nations ddr practitioners download pdf. Demilitarization can be used in times of peace as well, to reduce the size of armed forces and redistribute public spending. Pdf on jun 10, 2010, pamela delargy and others published disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Effective weapons and ammunition management in a changing. The disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of former combatants in colombia1 kimberly theidon abstract a key component of peace processes and postconflict reconstruction is the disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of excombatants. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration clingendael. It explains the link between ddr in africa and the evolution of post. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of ex. This report discusses how the natural resources sector can be an important catalyst in the immediate aftermath of. It is a vital part of the transition from war to peace. This first edition is just the beginning of a continued process of communicating with you, our member states and partners, with the latest information on ongoing efforts to strengthen the commissions capacities to effectively engage in providing ddr.
Approximately two thirds of these ddr interventions were launched in africa, with the remainder in latin america and the caribbean, south eastern europe, central and south asia and the south pacific. Disarmament entails the physical removal of the means of combat from exbelligerents weapons, ammunition, etc. Differences among designs and designers of these subregional postconflict cases are well known. When do disarmament, demobilisation reintegration programmes. The cartagena contribution to disarmament, demobilization. In the context of assisting in the transition and recovery of conflict affected societies and communities, iom has supported disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr programmes for excombatantsfighters and their communities of return, through more than 120 projects over the last 25 years. Nov 21, 2017 the interagency working group iawg on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of excombatants held a workshop in stockholm, from 17 to 19 october 2017 on the revision of the integrated ddr standards iddrs. Ultimately, holistic and comprehensive reintegration efforts designed to transition returnees address not only their needs, but also those of the entire society, and are critical in.
Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr 2010 a retrospective look at this crucial peacekeeping issue. Through a process of removing weapons from the hands of members of armed groups, taking these combatants out of their groups and helping them to reintegrate as civilians into society, disarmament, demobilization and reintegration seeks to support excombatants and those associated with armed groups, so that they can become active participants in the peace process. Developing the eus response to crisis and longerterm threats, brussels. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration the. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of excombatants practice note united nations development programme. By employing qualitative semistructured interviews and group discussions with. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr processes are designed to assist excombatants and persons formerly associated with armed forces and groups to make the transition from conflict to civilian life, and contribute to the restoration of peace and security. The peace agreement leadingup from ceasefire agreement after the end of conflict. Gender mainstreaming burundi example of gender in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration gender analysis can reveal differences between women and men and even more important often also significant inequalities. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programs. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr are likely to result from rather than lead in the process, because disarmament in the presence of an armed adversary requires a level of trust that can only be built over time. Operational guide to the integrated disarmament, demobilization.
Oi policy compendium note on disarmament, demobilisation, and reintegration ddr 1 overview. Its initial mission was to pacify the ituri district by. This agreement provides for the implementation of a disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr process in accordance with the implementation schedule of the final peace agreement. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr programs for excombatants were central to peace resolutions in the sierra leone context. This chapter examines a series of issues implicating disarmament, as well as gender relations and constructs.
Challenges to disarmament, demobilisation, and reintegration. However, ddr is much more complicated in a postconflict environment, when different fighting groups are divided by. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration wikipedia. The first phase of ddr that was designed to be carried out by the government with the help of ecomog and undp was disrupted by a rebel attack in freetown on 6 january 1999. In these camps, excombatants are also provided food, shelter, medical attention, basic. Demilitarizing official and unofficial armed groups by controlling and reducing the possession and use of arms, disbanding nonstate armed groups, and reducing the size of state security services, and. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration is the process of. Pdf the process of disarming, demobilizing and reintegrating exsoldiers at conflicts end is as old as war itself. Importance of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr in post conflict peacebuilding by adinoyi a. How do we approach disarmament, demobilization and. Standards iddrs was compiled to help users find their way through. A contribution to the challenges and opportunities asdf.
Best practices for successful disarmament, demobilization. The information and sensitization unit, joint implementation unit of the liberia ddrr programme, undp. The end of the cold war was a contributing factor to the end of many intrastate conflicts in latin. This report aims to help policymakers and practitioners navigate the challenges of developing effective programs to rehabilitate and reintegrate foreign fighters returning from syria and iraq into their societies. Launched in october 2016, the iddrs provide guidance for ddr activities in the field. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration standards. Innovations in disarmament, demobilization and reintegration policy and research 3 that unify what are otherwise disparate ddr experiences.
Rethinking disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr programs. It begins with an overview of the basic forms of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr programs before turning to a discussion of the potential power of integrating gender perspectives and practice into the ddr process. The operational guide to the integrated disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. In this context the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of ex combatants is an important. Gender and disarmament, demobilization and reintegration.
Effective weapons and ammunition management in a changing disarmament, demobilization and reintegration context a handbook for united nations ddr practitioners. This article draws on the experience of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr programs on the african continent. Sep 02, 2012 the purpose of this study is to analyse the reasons why the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration ddr of exbelligerents has characteristically been so problematic to achieve in societies emerging from years of armed conflict. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr is a process that contributes to security and stability by disarming combatants, removing them from military structures, and socially and economically integrating them into society. In this context the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration of excombatants is an important. Oi policy compendium note on disarmament, demobilisation and.
Oxfam internationals position on ddr ddr involves the disarmament, demobilisation, and reintegration of excombatants into civilian life at the end of a conflict. Best practices for successful disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration this paper identifies and discusses best practices for successful disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of former combatants in intrastate military conflicts and civil wars, which is a vital component of achieving peace among warring factions. The long term success for ddr is highly dependent on development and the existence of economic. Ddr programs downsize armed forces, or disband them completely. Welcome to this first edition of the african union commissions auc disarmament, demobilization and reintegration au ddr newsletter. Disarmament demobilisation and reintegration reliefweb.
This article introduces the special issue on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr and armed nonstatutory actors ansas, whose title we prefer to the less precise label of armed nonstate actors. Reinsertion refers to the shortterm arrival period of an excombatant into hisher former home or a new community. Some features of this site may not work without it. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr in. Postconflict disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of former combatants in angola, mozambique, namibia, south africa, and zimbabwe aimed at addressing problems of postconflict peace building. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr. The cartagena contribution to disarmament, demobilization and. Armed groups a group that has the potential to employ arms in the use of force to achieve political, ideological or economic objectives, is not within the formal military. A framework for lasting disarmament, demobilization, and.
The general assembly called for nuclear disarmament as well as the elimination of nonnuclear weapons of mass destruction. Pdf this article draws on the experience of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr programs on the african continent. In colombia, we opted for confronting violence without violating the principles of democracy in a way which has yielded important results. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration compendium of projects 20102017 xi definitions1 armed forces the military organization of a state with a legal basis and supporting institutional infrastructure. Ioms notable contributions to disarmament, demobilization and. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr are activities designed to facilitate disbanding military fighters and easing their. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr and security sector reform ssr are relevant to the wps agenda as one of its pillars is about relief and recovery, including in the in armed conflicts during repatriation and resettlement and for rehabilitation, reintegration. By massimo fusato july 2003 disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of excombatants is a first step in the transition from war to peace. Disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration ddr dcaf. The operational guide to the integrated disarmament, demobilization and reintegration standards iddrsis intended to help users find their way through the iddrs document by briefly explaining the key guidance contained in each iddrs document module. Experience shows that excombatants need social and economic incentives to permanently lay down their weapons. Pdf disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration and post. When do disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration programmes succeed. Practical experience of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr programs shows that the ddr process mostly fails during the reintegration phase.
The interagency working group iawg on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of excombatants held a workshop in stockholm, from 17 to 19 october 2017 on the revision of the integrated ddr standards iddrs. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration inclusive security. Next generation disarmament, demobilization and reintegration. The process of disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr of former combatants plays a. Of course, there can be no substitute for national leadership and the political commitment of. Pdf disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration and. Nov 17, 2019 disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr processes are designed to assist excombatants and persons formerly associated with armed forces and groups to make the transition from conflict to civilian life, and contribute to the restoration of peace and security.
The process of disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr of former combatants features in most of africas postconflict reconstruction programs. The burden for designing and implementing these and most other aspects. Disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration and post. Assisting former combatants to reintegrate into civilian life. Julius 1 abstract disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr is a critical element of post conflict peace building pcpb. The purpose of this study is to analyse the reasons why the disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration ddr of exbelligerents has characteristically been so problematic to achieve in societies emerging from years of armed conflict. These countries used the fledgling concept of disarmament, demobilization. Research on the subject matter is thriving, and is rich with valuable insights and anec. Postconflict disarmament, demobilization and reintegration in zimbabwe, namibia and south africa, in andrea ricci ed. Office for official publications of the european communities, 2008 2008.
The peace agreement leadingup from ceasefire agreement after the end of conflict situations is not sufficient enough to prevent the. It is clear that ddr has become part and parcel of peace processes and peacekeeping operations. Dr gwinyayi a dzinesa writerpreneurindependent peace. A framework for lasting disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration of former combatants in crisis situations. Disarmament, demobilization and reintegration of excombatants practice note. Conflict, peacebuilding, disarmament, security f gender perspectives on disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr how and why are gender perspectives relevant to ddr of former combatants. Each iddrs module is current with effect from the date shown on the cover page. The operational guide was produced by the interagency working group on ddr iawg ddr. The disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration ddr component of the ddrrr section of monusco supports the government of the drc which retains the primary responsibility for defining the ddr policies.
Postconflict disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration. Such an analysis in the area of disarmament could reveal, for. It began its work in 2002 in the ituri region of eastern dr congo as a community disarmament and resettlement cdr program. Donor checklist on gender and ddr 23 bibliography 32.
1623 1040 353 1022 763 248 68 1398 684 1397 1079 1158 517 484 1547 497 648 462 1086 670 1275 999 1009 1426 1089 1331 366 1015 117 461